Principal Leadership Styles as Perceived By Elementary School Teachers in Relation To Their Work Motivation

Gabriel Pinkas

Abstract


This paper presents the results obtained from a sample of 467 teachers from 25 elementary schools in the wider city area of Tuzla. The subject of the research was the relationship between principal leadership styles, as perceived by teachers, and the work motivation of teachers. The Multifactor
Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and the Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers (WTMST)
were used to collect data. The obtained results showed a correlation between the perceived principal leadership style and teacher motivation, in a way that transformational leadership primarily contributes to intrinsic motivation, transactional leadership contributes to types of extrinsic motivation (introjected, identified, and external regulation), and laissez-faire contributes to motivation. At most 13% of the variance in teacher motivation can be explained by the principal leadership style. The probable reason for such results is the complexity of teacher motivation, which is influenced by numerous both hygiene and motivating factors.


Keywords


school principals; transformational, transactional, laissez-faire leadership; teachers; work motivation; SD theory

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alasad, Salih (2017), ˝The leadership styles of principals in bedouin secondary School and teachers motivation˝, Philosophy Study, Vol. 7, No. 3, 153-168.

Avolio, Bruce J., Bernard M. Bass (2002), Developing potential across a full range of leadership: Cases on transactional and transformational leadership, Lawrence Erlbaum associates, New Jersey

Avolio, Bruce J., Bernard M. Bass (2010), Višefaktorski upitnik rukovođenja [Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire], priručnik, Naklada Slap, Jastrebarsko

Baard, Paul P., Edward L. Deci, Richaed M. Ryan (2004), ˝The relation of intrinsic need satisfaction to performance and well-being in two work settings˝, Journal of applies psychology, 34, 92-98.

Bass, Bernard M. (1985), Leadership and performance beyond expectations, Free Press, New York

Bass, Bernard M. (1990), ˝From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision˝, Organization dynamics, 18(3), 19-36.

Bass, Bernard M, Ronald E. Riggio (2006), Transformational leadership, Second edition, Lawrence Erlbaum associates, New Jersey

Biggerstaff, Joseph K. (2012), The relationship between teacher perceptions of elementary school principal leadership style and teacher job satisfaction, PhD Thesis, Western Kentucky University

Bojanović, Radojica (2004), Psihologija međuljudskih odnosa, peto izdanje, Centar za primenjenu psihologiju, Beograd

Bono, Joyce E., Timothy A. Judge (2003), ˝Self-concordance at work: Towards understanding the motivational effects of transformational leaders˝, Academy of management journal, Vol. 46, No. 5, 554-571.

Burns, James M. (1978), Leadership, Open road integrated media, New York

Deci, Edward L., Richard M. Ryan (1985), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior, Springer science+business media, New York

Deci, Edward L., Richard M. Ryan (2000), ˝The „what“ and „why“ of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior˝, Psychological inquiry, Vol. 11, No. 4, 227-268.

Ereş, Figen (2011), ˝Relationship between teacher motivation and transformational leadership characteristics of school principals˝, International journal od education, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1-17.

Everard, K. Bertie, Geoffrey Morris, Ian Wilson (2004), Effective school management, Fourth edition, A Sage publications company, London

Eyal, Ori, Guy Roth (2011), ˝Principals’ leadership and teacher’s motivation: Self-determination theory analysis˝, Journal of educational administration, Vol. 42, No. 3, 256-275.

Fernet, Claude, Caroline Senécal, Frédéric Guay, Herbert Marsh, Martin Dow- son (2008), ˝The work task motivation scale for teachers (WTMST)˝, Journal of career assessment, Vol. 16 No. 2, 256-279.

Gagné, Marylène, Edward L. Deci (2005), ˝Self-determination theory and work motivation˝, Journal of organizational behavior, 26, 331-362.

Gatsinzi, Patrick, Jesse Role, Lazarus Ndiku Makewa (2014), ˝Work and school-related variables in teacher motivation in Gasbo District, Rwanda˝, Journal of education and training, Vol. 1, No. 2, 262-275.

Gilbar, Charlotte Rognmoe (2014), Principals’ Leadership and Teachers’ Motivation: A Study of the Relationship in the School Reform Era, PhD Thesis, Lynchburg College

Gorozidis, Georgios, Athanasios G. Papaioannou (2014), ˝Teachers’ motivation to participate in training and to implement innovations˝, Teaching and teacher education, No. 39, 1-11.

Guay, Frederic, Geneviève A. Mageau, Robert J. Vallerand (2003), ˝On the hierarchical structure of self – determined motivation: A test of top-down, bottom-up, reciprocal, and horizontal effects˝, Personal and social psychology bulletin, Vol. 29, No. 8, 992-1004.

Jesus, Saul Neves de, Willy Lens (2005), ˝An integrated model for the study of teacher motivation˝, Applied psychology: An international review, 54(1), 119-134.

Judge, Timothy A., Remus Ilies (2002), ˝Relationship of personality to performance motivation: A meta-analytic review˝, Journal of applied psychology, Vol. 87, No. 4, 797-807.

Judge, Timothy A., Ronald F. Piccolo (2004), ˝Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity˝, Journal of applied psychology, Vol. 89, No. 5, 755-768.

Karabenick, Stuart A., Anne Marie Conley (2011), Teacher motivation for professional development, National science foundation, Michigan

Krech, David, Richard S. Crutchfield (1969), Elementi psihologije [Elements of Psychology], Naučna knjiga, Beograd

Lewin, Kurt, Ronald Lippitt, Ralph K. White (1939), ˝Patterns of aggressive behaviour in experimentally created „social climates“˝, Journal of social psychology, 10, 271-301.

Mihaliček, Sanja, Majda Rijavec (2009), ˝Motivacija učitelja engleskog jezika za rad˝, Napredak, 150(1), 39-53.

Nyakundi, Teresa Kemunto (2012), ˝Factors affecting teacher motivation in public secondary schools in Thika West District, Kiambu County˝, MA Thesis, Kenyatta University

OECD (2007a), Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2007, OECD, Paris

OECD (2007b) PISA 2006: Science Competencies for Tomorrow’s World, OECD, Paris

Pelletier, Luc G., Chantal Séguin-Lévesque, Louise Legault (2002), ˝Pressure from above and pressure from below as determinants of teachers’ motivation and teaching behaviors˝, Journal of educational psychology, Vol. 94, No. 1, 186-196.

Perlman, Dana J. (2013), ˝Effective teaching and motivation: Application of self – determination theory˝, Journal of research, policy and practice of teachers & teacher education, Vol. 3, No. 2, 31-37.

Petz, Boris, Ivan Furlan, Slavko Kljajić, Vladimir Kolesarić, Mirjana Krizmanić, Silvija Szabo, Branimir Šverko (2005), Psihologijski rječnik, Naklada Slap, Jastrebarsko

Pont, Beatriz, Deborah Nusche, Hunter Moorman (2008a), Improving School Leadership, Volume 1: Policy and Practice, Paris, OECD

Rasheed, Muhammad Imran, Hassan Danyal Aslam, Shakeel Sarwar (2010), ˝Motivational issues for teachers in higher education: A critical case of IUB˝, Journal of management research, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1-23.

Rot, Nikola (2004), Opšta psihologija, Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sred- stva, Beograd

Ryan, Richard M., Edward L. Deci (2000), ˝Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions˝, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54-77.

Shepherd-Jones, Anna R., Jill D. Salisbury-Glennon (2018), ˝Perceptions matter: The correlation between teacher motivation and principal leadership style˝, Journal of Research in Education, Vol. 28, No. 2, 93-131.

Staničić, Stjepan (2011), Menadžment u obrazovanju, Centar za marketing u obrazovanju, Gornji Milanovac

Ud Din, Muhammad Naseer, Humaira Tufail, Shabnam Shereen, Allah Nawaz, Anjum Shahbaz (2012), ˝Factors affecting teacher motivation at secondary school level in Kohat City˝, Interdisciplinary journal of contemporary research in business, Vol. 3, No. 10, 442-449.

Walker, Kristin Marquette (2015), ˝Perceptions of leadership: Impact of leadership style and gender on employee motivation˝, PhD Thesis, Walden university

Wasserman, Egoza, Sigal Ben-eli, Ortal Yehoshua, Ravit Gal (2016), ˝Relationship between the Principal’s Leadership Style and Teacher Motivation˝, International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, Vol. 15, No. 10, 180-192.

Zvonarević, Mladen (1978), Socijalna psihologija, Drugo izdanje, Školska knjiga, Zagreb


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN: 2490-3604 (print) ● ISSN: 2490-3647 (online)

Društvene i humanističke studije - DHS is under the Creative Commons licence.